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Fratelli Alinari<\/strong> was an Italian firm founded in Florence in 1852 by the three Alinari brothers, Romualdo, Leopoldo, and Giuseppe. Fratelli Alinari became one of the largest and most prolific European photography firms of the 19th and 20th centuries. By 1880 the firm employed over 100 people. Alinari specialized in views of Italy and the reproduction of works of art.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Fratelli (Michele) Amodio <\/strong>was\u00a0an Italian photographer, active between 1850 t0 1890, who had studios in Milan and Naples.<\/p>\n Giacomo Brogi<\/strong> (1822-1881), an Italian photographer who was also an engraver based in Florence, he\u00a0became a photographer in\u00a01856. In 1860, he established his own studio, Giacomo Brogi Fotografo<\/em>,\u00a0specializing at first in portrait photography before producing other subjects. In 1863 he published his first catalog of his campaign in the Holy Land and works of art,\u00a0Dei Soggetti\u00a0<\/em>artistici<\/i>. He created his first photographic campaign of Pompeii in 1879 and 1880. The next year he exhibited his work\u00a0in Milan and won a silver medal and first prize for landscape and architecture Photography in Melbourne. His business eventually expanded to include studios and associates throughout Italy. Brogi was a founder and the first vice president of the Italian Photographic Society.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Rev. George Wilson Bridges<\/strong>, (1788-1863), an English clergyman, author, traveler, and early photographer, he had eight children and lived in Jamaica and Canada. In 1843 Bridge’s son became acquainted with the Talbots and Bridges was given a copy of William Fox Talbot’s book\u00a0The Pencil of Nature<\/em>, which documents Talbot’s photographic experiments with calotypes. Bridges took up photography and took advice from Talbot, who gave him basic instructions and prepared paper on which he could make calotypes. From\u00a01846 to 1852 Bridges traveled in the Mediterranean and the Middle East producing 1,700 calotype negatives. He sent Talbot his photographs and eventually had some of them published near the end of his life.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Louis-Jacques-Mand\u00e9 Daguerre<\/b><\/strong> (1787-1851), a French artist and father of photography. He is best recognized\u00a0for his invention of the daguerreotype in 1839.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Alexander John Ellis<\/strong> (1814-1890), an Englishman known as a\u00a0mathematician and philosophy, was also a photographer who took some of the earliest daguerreotypes\u00a0in Italy. In 1841, at the age of 26, Ellis decided to take an extensive trip to Italy to take daguerreotypes focusing\u00a0on the Grand Tour and classical civilizations. On his journey he took 137 daguerrotypes, having little experience and proceeding by trial and error. He intending to publish them as engravings in an illustrated monthly magazine, L’Italia in daguerreotype, but it never came to fruition.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Giuseppe\u00a0Fiorelli<\/strong> (1823-1896), <\/b>an Italian archaeologist who was the Director of excavations at Pompeii from\u00a01863 to 1875. He introduced new systems for excavations that better preserved new discoveries as well as developing the use of plaster casts in empty cavities. During this time he collaborated with photographer Giorgio Sommer to photograph his findings and promote his work.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Stefano Lecchi\u00a0<\/strong>(1805 – 1860s?), an Italian photographer who was one of the\u00a0pioneers of photography in Italy in the 19th century. He was one of the first primitive photographers working in Rome and Pompeii. His photographs are very rare and most are of Rome during the\u00a0French occupation. In the 1840s he perfected a new photographic technique known as salted paper, which was another way to\u00a0reproduction images based on the Calotype method created by Fox Talbot.\u00a0He is known to have taken up to 14 images according to Rev. George Wilson Bridges’s letter to Talbot in 1847. There is only one known salted paper image of Pompeii of Lecchi’s that is currently part of the collection of Roger Pines Como.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Giorgio Sommer<\/strong> (1834-1914), an Italian photographer of German descent who started photographing with his first camera at the age of 16. Sommer worked extensively around Europe and is well known for his architectural photographs. He first worked in Switzerland and then opened a studio in Naples in 1857. He\u00a0initially produced tourist photographs before moving on to views, genre scenes, and reproductions of works of art, specifically ancient Greek and Roman statuary from the museums in Naples and Rome. In the 1860s he collaborated with\u00a0archaeologist Giuseppe Fiorelli to\u00a0make photographic reports and documentation on the results of excavations at Pompeii.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n William Henry Fox Talbot<\/strong> (1800-1877),\u00a0a British scientist, inventor, and father of photography, he was a pioneer in the field inventing the salted paper and calotype processes, as well as a\u00a0photoglyphic engraving process. He was a rival of Daguerre’s during the early development of the medium. His images\u00a0are the earliest photographs\u00a0made of Oxford, Paris, Reading, and York, and he published a book,\u00a0The Pencil of Nature<\/i>\u00a0in 1844\u201346 that is illustrated with his original salted paper prints from his calotype negatives.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Stanley A. Jashemski <\/strong>(1914-1982), a noted American physicist and\u00a0Wilhelmina’s\u00a0husband, he\u00a0accompanied his wife during her archaeological work at Oplontis and Pompeii and partnered with her in bringing innovative scientific methods to excavations. He contributed photography and drawings of the sites for her two-volume publication\u00a0The Gardens of Pompeii, Herculaneum, and the Villas Destroyed by Vesuvius<\/i>\u00a0(1979, 1993), as well as\u00a0other publications.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Wilhelmina Jashemski\u00a0<\/strong>(1910-2007), an American from Nebraska, she was\u00a0a noted scholar who worked on excavations at\u00a0Pompeii, Boscoreale, and Oplontis from 1961 to 1984, where she pioneered\u00a0investigations in the garden and horticultural archeology. She wrote several books including\u00a0her two-volume publication\u00a0The Gardens of Pompeii, Herculaneum, and the Villas Destroyed by Vesuvius<\/i>\u00a0(1979, 1993),\u00a0and was a Professor of Ancient History at the\u00a0University of Maryland.\u00a0In 1996, she was awarded the Gold Prize\u00a0for Distinguished Archaeological Achievement by the\u00a0Archaeological Institute of America.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n<\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/a><\/a>
\n20th Century<\/h1>\n
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