{"id":297,"date":"2015-04-23T15:51:33","date_gmt":"2015-04-23T15:51:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/commons.mtholyoke.edu\/romlg2015\/?page_id=297"},"modified":"2015-05-02T01:18:39","modified_gmt":"2015-05-02T01:18:39","slug":"phonetic-analysis","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/commons.mtholyoke.edu\/romlg2015\/gowen\/phonetic-analysis\/","title":{"rendered":"Phonetic Analysis"},"content":{"rendered":"
    \n
  1. Causa [kawsa] >Chose [t\u0283oz]><\/em> Chose[<\/strong>\u0283oz] \u201cthink” \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/strong>The \/ka\/ cluster undergoes palatalization and becomes the affricate alveolar voiceless \/t\u0283a\/ spelled \u201ccha\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Causa [kawsa]> Chausa [t\u0283awsa]<\/strong><\/p>\n

    The original stressed Classical Latin dipthong \u201cau\u201d \/aw\/ evolves to high mid \u201co\u201d \/o\/.<\/p>\n

    Chausa\u00a0 [t\u0283awsa] >\u00a0 Chosa [t\u0283osa]<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Sonorization of \/s\/ in the unprotected intervocalic position changes fricative alveolar voiceless \/s\/ > fricative alveolar voiced \/z\/.<\/p>\n

    Chosa [t\u0283osa] > Chosa [t\u0283oza]<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Weakening of the word final vowel \u201c a\u201d, \/a\/> high mid front \/e\/> mid central \/\u0259\/> zero. The \u201ca\u201d becomes an \u201ce\u201d and remains in the grapheme.<\/p>\n

    Chosa [ t\u0283oza]> Chose [ t\u0283oz\u0259] > Chose [ t\u0283oz]*<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Lenition\/ weakening of voiceless affricate alveolar \/t\u0283\/ to fricative, post-alveolar, voiceless \/\u0283\/.<\/p>\n

    Chose [t\u0283oz] > Chose [\u0283oz]<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Simul\u0101re [simul\u0101re]> semblable [semblabl] > <\/em>semblable [se\u0303blabl] \u201csimilar\u201d \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong>Vowel evolution causes the Classical Latin stressed vowel \/ \u0101\/ to become Vulgar Latin low \/a\/. The unstressed short \/i\/ becomes high-mid, front \/e\/ .<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Simul\u0101re [simul\u0101re] > Semulare [semulare]<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Syncope of unstressed vowel \/u\/. Because of syncope the \/e\/ becomes part of a blocked syllable and thus remains \/e\/ in Modern French.<\/p>\n

      Semulare [semulare] > semlare [semlare]<\/strong><\/p>\n

      The \/ml\/ cluster is resolved in French by homorganic epenthesis of the voiced plosive bilabial \/b\/ which has the same place of articulation as the preceding voiced nasal bilabial \/m\/.<\/p>\n

      semlare [semlare] > semblare [semblare]<\/strong><\/p>\n

      The word ending \u201care\u201d indicates that this was a Classical Latin verb infinitive. The adjective was probably derived by dropping this ending for the adjective suffix \u201cable\u201d also from Classical Latin.<\/p>\n

      Semblare [semblare] > Semblable [semblable]*<\/strong><\/p>\n

      The nasal in coda position is unprotected undergoes lenition to zero, during this process the vowel assimilates to the manner of articulation of the nasal \/m\/: Nasalization of vowel plus nasal \/em\/ results in nasalized \/e\u0303\/; Word final high mid \/e\/ > mid central \/\u0259\/ > zero. The spelling remains the same.<\/p>\n

      Semblable [semblable] > Semblable [se\u0303blabl] \u201csemblable\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Pens\u0101re [pens\u0101re] > Pensera (conjugate)[pensera] > <\/em>penser [pe\u0303se] \u201cto think\u201d \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong>The stressed Classical Latin vowel \/\u0101\/ becomes Vulgar Latin low \/a\/. As part of a Latin blocked syllable the stressed vowel then becomes high mid front \/e\/. \u00a0There is also loss \u00a0of the word final vowel \u00a0high mid front\/e\/>\/\u0259\/> zero.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Pens\u0101re [Pens\u0101re ] > pensare [pensare] > penser [penser]<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Liquid consonant \/r\/ in coda position is unprotected and eventually undergoes complete lenition, but remains graphemically.<\/p>\n

        Penser [penser] > penser [pense]*<\/strong><\/p>\n

        The nasal consonant in coda position undergoes lenition to zero while the high mid front vowel assimilates the manner of articulation of the nasal consonant: \/en\/ > \/e\u0303\/. Also note that the original stressed vowel \/e\/ is now in a free syllable in modern French and thus will remain \/e\/. Graphemically the word does not change.<\/p>\n

        Penser [pense] > Penser [pe\u0303se]<\/strong><\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Esse > Esse\u0306re [esse\u0306ra] > Estre [estr\u0259] <\/em>> \u00catre [\u025bt\u0281] \u201cto be\u201d \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>Classical Latin unstressed \/ e\u0306\/ becomes high mid front \/e\/ in Vulgar Latin after the Great Merger; Degemination of \/ss\/> \/s\/.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Esse\u0306re [essera] > Esere [esere]<\/strong><\/p>\n

          Syncope of the unstressed vowel \/e\/.<\/p>\n

          Esere [esera] > Esre [esra]<\/strong><\/p>\n

          Epenthesis of alveolar, stop \/t\/ to resolve this intervocalic \/sr\/ cluster brought about by syncope.<\/p>\n

          Esre [esre] > Estre [estre]<\/strong><\/p>\n

          The stressed vowel \/e\/ becomes low mid front \/\u025b\/ from a Latin blocked syllable; Loss of word final \/e\/ > \/\u0259\/ > zero.<\/p>\n

          Estre [estre] > Estre [\u025bstr]*<\/strong><\/p>\n

          Weakening of pre-consonantal \/s\/ leads to its deletion and thus a circumflex is added to the preceding \/e\/. Compromise articulation of \/r\/ in coda position leads to \/\u0281\/.<\/p>\n

          Estre [\u025bstr] > \u00catre [\u025bt\u0281]<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \n
          1. Vid\u0113re [wid\u0113re] > veoir [vewar] <\/em>> voir [vewa\u0281]\u00a0 \u201cto see\u201d \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong>The Classical Latin stressed vowel, \/ \u0113\/ , becomes high mid front \/e\/ in Vulgar Latin which undergoes a series of evolutions: \/e\/> \/ej\/>\/oj\/, spelled \u201coi\u201d. There is also vowel evolution of short \/i\/ to high mid, front \/e\/ which remains \/e\/ coming from a blocked syllable.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Vid\u0113re [wid\u0113re] > vedere [wedeire] > vedoire [wedojre]<\/strong><\/p>\n

            Word initial bilabial fricative glide \/w\/ becomes labiodental fricative \/v\/. Also Word final vowel \/e\/ undergoes complete lenition; \/e\/>\/ \u0259\/> zero.<\/p>\n

            vedoire [wedojre] > vedoir [vedojre]<\/strong><\/p>\n

            Lenition of unprotected intervocalic alveolar stop \/d\/, \/d\/> \/\u00f0\/> zero.<\/p>\n

            Vedoir [vedojr] > veoir [veojre]<\/strong><\/p>\n

            Continued vowel evolution of stressed vowel: \/oj\/ > \/o\u025b\/ > \/w\u025b\/ > \/wa\/. The spelling will remain the same. Compromised articulation of word final \/r\/ produces new sound \/\u0281\/.<\/p>\n

            Veoir [veojr] > Veoir [vewa\u0281 ]<\/strong><\/p>\n

            Compromise articulation\/weakening of old French tripthong to dipthong: \/ewa\/> \/aw\/<\/p>\n

            veoir [vewa\u0281 ] > voir [vwa\u0281 ]<\/strong><\/p>\n

              \n
            1. Velle > Vol\u0113re [wol\u0113re] > vouldra <\/em>(conjugated) [vouldra]> Vouloir [vulwa\u0281] \u201cto want\u201d \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>The Classical Latin stressed vowel \/\u0113\/ becomes Vulgar Latin high-mid front \/e\/ which coming from a free syllable evolves in a series of steps: \/e\/ > \/ej\/ >\/oj\/ > \/o\u025b\/ > \/w\u025b\/ > \/wa\/. This sound is represented graphemically by \u201coi\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              Vol\u0113re [wol\u0113re] > Volere [wolere] > Voloire [wolware]<\/strong><\/p>\n

              Word initial bilabial fricative glide \/w\/ becomes labio-dental fricative \/v\/. Also Word final vowel \/e\/ undergoes complete lenition; \/e\/>\/ \u0259\/> zero.<\/p>\n

              Voloire [wolware] > Voloir [volwar]<\/strong><\/p>\n

              To resolve the double liquid cluster \/lw\/ a homorganic epenthesis is made by adding alveolar stop \/d\/ behind the alveolar liquid \/1\/. Both consonants have the same place of articulation.<\/p>\n

              Voloir [volwar] > Voldoir [voldwar]<\/strong><\/p>\n

              The unstressed high mid back rounded \/o\/ evolves as if it came from a long \/o\/ in Classical Latin. After epenthesis it becomes part of a blocked syllable and evolves to \u201cou\u201d [u].<\/p>\n

              voldoir [voldoir] > vouldoir \u00a0[vuldwar]*<\/strong><\/p>\n

              Compromise articulation of word final vowel: \/r\/>\/\u0281\/.<\/p>\n

              Vouldoir [vuldwar]> Vouldoir \/vuldwa\u0281\/<\/strong><\/p>\n

              (At this point the infinitive ending can be replaced yielding different endings such as the one seen in the text.)<\/em><\/p>\n

              Unprotected between a vowel and liquid, the alveolar stop\/d\/ undergoes complete lenition: \/d\/> \/\u00f0\/> zero.<\/p>\n

              Vouldoir [vuldwa\u0281] > vouloir [vulwa\u0281 ]<\/strong><\/p>\n

                \n
              1. \u0112ligere [\u0112ligere]> eslire [eslir\u0259] <\/em>> \u00e9lire [esli\u0281] \u201cto elect\u201d \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>Vowel evolution of the stressed vowel, Classical Latin long \/e\/, to Vulgar Latin high mid front \/e\/.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                \u0112ligere [\u0112ligere] > eligere [eligere]<\/strong><\/p>\n

                Lenition of the unprotected intervocalic \/g\/.<\/p>\n

                eligere [eligere] > eliere [eliere]<\/strong><\/p>\n

                An \u201cs\u201d is added by hyper-correction from the misconception that word initial \u201ce\u201d may have been a prosthetic vowel.\u00a0 The stressed vowel will remain an \/e\/ because it is now part of a blocked syllable.<\/p>\n

                Eliere [eliere] > esliere [esliere]<\/strong><\/p>\n

                Simplification of diphthong \/yod +e\/> \/i\/. Weakening of word final vowel \/e\/> \/\u0259\/> zero; this is followed by compromise articulation of word final \/r\/> \/\u0281\/.<\/p>\n

                Esliere [esliere]> eslire\u00a0[esli\u0281]*<\/strong><\/p>\n

                Correction of prosthetic \/s\/ or lenition of pre-consonantal \/s\/ and the addition of accent acute on preceding vowel \/e\/ to mark the lenition.<\/p>\n

                Eslire [esli\u0281] > \u00e9lire [eli\u0281]<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. Pot\u0113re [pot\u0113re] > povoir [povwar]> <\/em>pouvoir [puvwar]\u201cto be able to\u201d \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong>Vowel evolution of the Classical Latin stressed vowel, \/\u0113\/, to Vulgar Latin high mid front \/e\/ and then following a series of evolutions coming from a free syllable: \/e\/ > \/ej\/ >\/oj\/ > \/o\u025b\/ > \/w\u025b\/ > \/wa\/\u00a0 spelled \u201coi.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  Pot\u0113re [pot\u0113re] > potoire [potware]<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  Lenition of the voiceless alveolar stop \/t\/ in unprotected intervocalic position to voiced alveolar stop \/d\/.<\/p>\n

                  Potoire [potware]> Podoire [podware]<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  Weakening of word final vowel \/e\/> \/\u0259\/> zero; Lenition of unprotected voiced intervocalic alveolar stop \/d\/ to voiced fricative labiodental \/v\/.<\/p>\n

                  podoire [podware]> povoir [povwar]*<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  Unstressed high mid back rounded \/o\/ evolves as the Classical Latin long \/o\/ in a blocked syllable: \/o\/> high back rounded \/u\/ spelled \u201cou\u201d. There is compromise articulation word final \/r\/> \/\u0281\/<\/p>\n

                  Povoir [povwar]> Pouvoir [puvwa\u0281]<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. Pecc\u0101tum [Pekk\u0101tum] > peschi\u00e9 [pest\u0283ie]<\/em> > p\u00eache [p\u025b\u0283] \u201csin\u201d \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong>The Classical Latin stressed vowel long \/\u0101\/ becomes Vulgar Latin low \/a\/. The high mid front \/e\/ in a blocked syllable becomes low mid, front \/\u025b\/; Degemination of \/kk\/>\/k\/<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    Pecc\u0101tum [Pekk\u0101tum] > pecatum\u00a0 [p\u025bkatum]<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    Palatalization of \/ka\/> \/t\u0283a\/ (alveolar voiceless) spelled \u201ccha\u201d.<\/p>\n

                    Pecatum [p\u025bkatum]\u00a0 > pechatum [p\u025bt\u0283atum]<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    The word final nasal consonant \/m\/ undergoes complete lenition as does the high back rounded \/u\/.\u00a0 After this there is also \u00a0complete lenition of \/t\/ in the coda position.<\/p>\n

                    Pechatum [p\u025bt\u0283atum] \u00a0> pechat [p\u025bt\u0283at] > pecha\u00a0 [p\u025bt\u0283a]<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    Weakening of the unprotected intervocalic affricate alveolar voiceless \/t\u0283\/ cluster loses its plosive element and becomes fricative post-alveolar voiceless \/\u0283\/. The addition of \u201cs\u201d was most likely added to reflect this change in pronunciation. Word final \/a\/ becomes high mid front \/e\/.<\/p>\n

                    Pecha [p\u025bt\u0283a]> Peche\u00a0 [p\u025bt\u0283e]*<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    Complete lenition of word final vowel: \/e\/.> \/\u0259\/> zero. Grapheme \u201ce\u201d remains.<\/p>\n

                    Peche \u00a0[p\u025bt\u0283e] > pesche\u00a0 [p\u025b\u0283]<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    The \u201cs\u201d removed in favor of \u201cch\u201d spelling. A circumflex t is added to the vowel \u201ce\u201d that precedes the deleted \u201cs\u201d.<\/p>\n

                    Pesche [p\u025b\u0283] > p\u00eache [p\u025b\u0283]<\/strong><\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. Fage\u0306re [fagere] > faire[f\u025br\u0259] (conjugated \u201cfaict\u201d [f\u025b]) > <\/em>faire [f\u025b\u0281] \u00a0\u201cto do\u201d \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong>Vowel evolution of the Classical Latin stressed vowel \/ e\u0306\/ to Vulgar Latin low mid front \/\u025b\/ and then to \/je\/ \u201cie\u201d coming from a Latin free syllable.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      Fage\u0306re [fagere]> fagiere [fagjere]<\/strong><\/p>\n

                      The \/yod +e\/ combination simplifies to \/i\/.<\/p>\n

                      Fagiere [fagjere]> fagire [fagire]<\/strong><\/p>\n

                      Unprotected, intervocalic g undergoes complete lenition to zero: \/g\/> \/\u0263\/> zero.<\/p>\n

                      Fagire [fagire]> faire [fa\u0263ire]> faire [faire]<\/strong><\/p>\n

                      Compromised articulation of \/ai\/ hiatus leads to low mid front \/\u025b\/ in a simplification process similar to that of the Indo-European diphthongs.<\/p>\n

                      Faire[faire] >\u00a0 faire [f\u025bre]<\/strong><\/p>\n

                      Weakening of word final vowel \/e\/>\/\u0259\/> zero. Then compromise articulation of word final \/r\/, \/r\/>\/\u0281\/.<\/p>\n

                      Faire [f\u025bre]> \u00a0Faire[f\u025b\u0281] *<\/strong><\/p>\n

                       <\/p>\n

                       <\/p>\n

                        \n
                      1. Cognosce\u0306re [kognoscere]> congoistra> <\/em>connaitre [k\u0254.n\u025bt\u0281 ] \u201cto know\u201d \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong>Metathesis to resolve the \/gn\/ cluster: \/gn\/> \/ng\/. Also, \u00a0vowel evolution of the unstressed short \/e\/ to high mid front \/e\/.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                        Cognosce\u0306re [kognoscere] > congoscere [kongoskere]<\/strong><\/p>\n

                        Regular evolution of the \/sk\/ cluster to \/s\/; syncope of unstressed vowel \/e\/ in penultimate syllable.<\/p>\n

                         <\/p>\n

                        Congoscere [kongoskere] > Congosre [kongosre]<\/strong><\/p>\n

                        Epenthesis of dental stop \/t\/ to resolve \/sr\/ cluster.<\/p>\n

                        Congosre [kongosre] > Congostre [kongostre]<\/strong><\/p>\n

                        Nasalization of vowel \/o\/ > \/ o\u0303\/ as it assimilates the manner of articulation of the nasal consonant; Then loss of nasal, \/n\/, in the coda position. After this, there is complete lenition of the now intervocalic \/g\/, the grapheme remains.<\/p>\n

                        Congostre [kongostre] > Congostra [ko\u0303ostra]*<\/strong><\/p>\n

                        Fortition of nasal consonant \/n\/. Vowel evolution of the Classical Latin stressed vowel, short \/o\/ to Vulgar Latin high mid back rounded \/o\/ to low mid back rounded \/\u0254\/. Complete lenition of pre-consonantal \/s\/<\/p>\n

                        Congostre [ko\u0303ostra]> congotre [k\u0254.notre]<\/strong><\/p>\n

                        Compromised articulation of \/o\/ between nasal and stop results in a dipthongization: \/o\/> \/oi\/.<\/p>\n

                        Congotre [k\u0254.notre]> congoitre \/k\u0254.noitre\/<\/strong><\/p>\n

                        Further compromised articulation leads to the low mid \/\u025b\/ spelled \u201cai\u201d. Complete loss of word final vowel \/e\/>\/\u0259\/> zero , followed by compromise articulation of now word final consonant \/r\/> \/\u0281\/.<\/p>\n

                        Connoitre> connaitre \/k\u0254.n\u025bt\u0281\/<\/strong><\/p>\n

                         <\/p>\n

                          \n
                        1. Status [status]> estat [estat]> \u00e9tat [eta] \u201cstate” \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>Vowel prosthesis of \/e\/ before word initial \/s\/.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                          Status [status] > Estatus [estatus]<\/strong><\/p>\n

                          Complete Lenition of word final consonant \/s\/ and then loss of word final vowel \/u\/.<\/p>\n

                          Estatus [estatus] > Estat [estat]<\/strong><\/p>\n

                          Complete lenition of pre-consonantal \/s\/ leaving an accent acute mark over the preceding \/e\/.<\/p>\n

                          Estat [estat] > \u00c9tat [etat]<\/strong><\/p>\n

                          Lenition of dental plosive \/t\/ in the coda position. The spelling remains the same.<\/p>\n

                          \u00c9tat [etat]> \u00c9tat [eta]<\/strong><\/p>\n

                           <\/p>\n

                           <\/p>\n

                           <\/p>\n

                           <\/p>\n

                           <\/p>\n

                           <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                          Causa [kawsa] >Chose [t\u0283oz]> Chose[\u0283oz] \u201cthink” \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":45,"featured_media":0,"parent":29,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-297","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/commons.mtholyoke.edu\/romlg2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/297","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/commons.mtholyoke.edu\/romlg2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/commons.mtholyoke.edu\/romlg2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/commons.mtholyoke.edu\/romlg2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/45"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/commons.mtholyoke.edu\/romlg2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=297"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/commons.mtholyoke.edu\/romlg2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/297\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":570,"href":"https:\/\/commons.mtholyoke.edu\/romlg2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/297\/revisions\/570"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/commons.mtholyoke.edu\/romlg2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/29"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/commons.mtholyoke.edu\/romlg2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=297"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}